Data Rates of Wireless Technologies – A Glance !

There are many technologies, and so as generations, and also questions. This post provides a comparative description of various wireless technologies (cellular and data) available so far with their respective links (not necessary you will get links for all). The data provided here is taken from the various sources available on the net and if the subject matter experts found something inaccurate and then please let us know.

This post contains the uplink and downlink rate for different wireless technologies along with their download link (standards) and also modulation type is given for some of them.

Data Networks:

WLAN Standards

 

WiMax 802.16e WiFi 802.11 WiFi 802.11a

 

 

WiFi 802.11b WiFi 802.11g WiFi 802.11n

Cellular Networks:

CDMA Family

CDMA Family Bar Graph

CDMA 1x RTT CDMA HSD Rev 0

CDMA HSD Rev A CDMA HSD Rev B

GSM Family

GSM Family Bar Graph

UMTS Family

HSDPA

HSUPA

HSPA +

UMTS FAMILY

LTE

LTE SISO LTE 2×2 MIMO LTE 4×4 MIMO

We have not included LTE Advance.

We request subject matter experts or the experts of the fields to review it once and suggest neccessary changes.

Some Good references:

 

====================

Author: Ashwini Patankar

How to read 3GPP Specifications?

So guys are you wondering how to read specifications, as I was. Here is something which I explored. First I will like to tell you the importance of these specifications then how to read or how to search the one which you need.

Specifications are very important for any engineering standard. For every standard different parameter like modulation techniques, channel characteristics etc are defined in their specification set. So by going through this specification we can figure out how a particular standard is implemented and what is presently going on with that standard like issues, research areas, practical values, constraints etc.

3GPP is the body which defines standards for 3G and 3G+ . All specification numbers for 3G and above are 4 or 5 digits. Eg. 09.02, 29.002 etc.

Take them as

    XX.YY

Or     XX.YYY

XX denotes series number

YY will be used when 01 < XX < 13

& YYY will be used when 21 < XX < 55

Every specification has title and specification group to define them. All the details related to specification groups, and abbreviations related to 3GPP can be found in specification no 21.905 (Vocabulary)

These specifications can be downloaded from the ftp site which is located here

Technical Reports are of two classes:

 

• Those intended to be transposed and issued by the Organizational Partners as their own publications; and
  

   

• Those not intended for publication but which are simply 3GPP internal working documents, used, for example, for documenting planning and scheduling of work, or for holding the interim results of feasibility studies.
  

   

The first category has numbers of the form: xx.9xx

 

The second category has numbers of the form: xx.8xx (feasibility study reports, etc) or, more rarely, 30.xxx / 50.xxx (planning and scheduling)

 

The filenames have the following structure:

 

SM[-P[-Q]]-V.zip

 

Where the character fields have the following significance …

 

S = series number – 2 characters (see the table above) M = mantissa (the part of the spec number after the series number) – 2 or 3 characters (see above) P = optional part number – 1 or 2 digits if present Q = optional sub-part number – 1 or 2 digits if present V = version number, without separating dots – 3 digits

 

So for example:

• 21900-320.zip is 3GPP TR 21.900 version 3.2.0
  
• 0408-6g0.zip is 3GPP TS 04.08 version 6.16.0
  
• 32111-4-410 is 3GPP TS 32.111 part 4 version 4.1.0
  
• 29998-04-1-100 is 3GPP TS 29.998 part 4 sub-part 1 version 1.0.0
  

 

One can go through the matrix which tells which number is associated with which title also one can go through another matrix which defines specifications title according to technology and numbers

To know about the freeze and release dates refer here

Specifications also tell the definitions and equations so do not miss them as they can be helpful while working with projects, just choose the specification number and download it from the server extract and read.

I will like to update the post with my studies, hope you will comment to fix the errors in this post and help me and others to learn.

====================

Author: Ashwini Patankar

 

 

 

What is Spectral Efficiency?

There is an extension of this post under the title Spectral Efficiency Revisited

 

Spectral efficiency, one of the crucial term for every type of network whether it is wi fi network, or wimax or cellular network. The main aim of the designer is to increase the spectral efficiency as much as possible and that is why there are terms like cell splitting, cell sectoring etc. in cellular system. In this post, spectral efficiency is defined in brief and its importance is elaborated.

There are many ways to define spectrum efficiency. These definitions are given below in accordance.

1. As per ITU – R Recommendations
   

SM.1046-1 on “DEFINITION OF SPECTRUM USE AND EFFICIENCY OF A RADIO SYSTEM” mentions

” Efficient use of spectrum is achieved by (among other things) the isolation obtained from antenna directivity, geographical spacing, frequency sharing, or orthogonal frequency use and time-sharing or time division and these considerations reflected in definition of spectrum utilization. Therefore, the measure of spectrum utilization- Spectrum Utilization factor, U, is defined to be the product of the frequency bandwidth, the geometric (geographic) space, and the time denied to other potential users:

U = B . S . T

where, B: Frequency bandwidth, S: geometric space (usually area) and T: time”.

1. According to ITU-R Recommendation SM.1046-1
   

   “According to the definition of SUE (or Spectrum efficiency as a shortened term) of a radio communication system, it can be expressed by:
   

   SU E= M / U = M / (B . S . T)
   

   where, M: amount of information transferred over a distance”.
   

2. For cellular mobile system, Spectral Efficency is defined as
   

   SUE= (Traffic in Erlang) / (Amount of spectrum in MHz X Area in Sq. Kms.)
   

   For a specified Grade of Services
   

   The definition takes into account the traffic carrying capacity of a technology to replicate the available spectrum in the unit area for a specified QoS (Quality of Services).
   

3. There is one more definition of Spectral Efficiency as given in wiki,
   

   “In digital wireless networks, the system spectral efficiency or area spectral efficiency is typically measured in bit/s/Hz/area unit [(bit/s)/Hz per unit area], bit/s/Hz/cell [(bit/s)/Hz per cell] or bit/s/Hz/site [(bit/s)/Hz per site]. It is a measure of the quantity of users or services that can be simultaneously supported by a limited radio frequency bandwidth in a defined geographic area. It may for example be defined as the maximum throughput or goodput, summed over all users in the system, divided by the channel bandwidth. “
   

   Also,
   

   “The system spectral efficiency of a cellular network may also be expressed as the maximum number of simultaneous phone calls per area unit over 1 MHz frequency spectrum in (E/MHz)/cell (erlangs per megahertz per cell), (E/MHz)/sector, (E/MHz)/site, or (E/MHz)/km².”
   

   Spectral Efficiency is calculated to figure out how efficiently the spectrum allotted is being utilized and the main goal of service provider is to accommodate maximum number of users in the limited bandwidth. That is why spectral efficiency calculation plays very important role in wireless network planning.